SUММARIES
AlexanderTсhernik
MEDIEVAL МAIDEN H0NOUR,
ALS0 КN0W N AS FAМILY H0N0UR
In the Мidсlle Ages, heraldry used both Ьу men and women was based оп the same rules. Тhе marriage
of the eldest son was а priority for the сontinuation of the lineage, but in its absenсe, whi сh was
often the сase with high male mortality, the lineage was sustained through the marriage of an heiress.
The appearanсe of а сoat of arms for а noЬle born maiden was assoсiated with her preparation for
marriage. The сhoiсe of а сoat of arms for а girl was not а whim the maiden s сoat of arms remindсd
her of her origin and rights to the seigneury. In reality, her сoats of arms performed the same soсial and сultural funсtions as а other сoats of arms.
Translated f y Alexander Tсhernik
Denis Antropov
DEFAМAТI0N 0F ТНЕ PAPAL СОАТ 0F ARМS
AS А T00L 0F LUTHERAN PR0PAGANDA DURIN
GТНЕ REF0RМAТI0N
This paper is devoted to the praсtiсe of defamation of the papal сoat of arms Ьу Lutherans during
the Reformation, whiсh a ws us to analyse the goals of the media сampaign direсted again5r
сatholiсism in general. The disсrediting of the symbols of the Apostoliс See in the form of the
сrossed keys of St Peter and the tiara served to delegitimise not only the institution of the р расу,
but also а сhurсh institutions. In partiсular, Lutherans similarly сritiсised the idea of apo5 taliс
suссession, оп whiсh the сatholiс hierarсhy and holy saсraments were based. Supporters
of tЬе
Reformation also used bestiary images to depiсt the Roman pontiff as the Antiсhrist, whiсh was
а development of the apoсalyptiс ideas of the thirteenth fourteenth сenturies. The presenсe of la er
anti papal leaflets refleсts the desire to resist the сounter Reformation and the efforts of сatЬoliсs
to сombat Lutheranism.
Translated f y Denis Antropov
Evgeny Oanilov
ТНЕ PLAсE 0F ТНЕ сR0WNED P0RTсULLIS
AM0NG BR SH STATE EMBLEMS
di а 1tle arсhi The portсullis or а fortified lattiсed grille сommon to Western European me ev сas Н f В t t now the ouse
teсture, originally served as а heraldiс badge for the English House о eau or
d ti
h т d desсende rom
of Somerset. Its status was elevated to а symbol of royalty under t е u ors,
4 16
SUMMЛRIES
the Beaufort line. This artiсle examines the slogan sometimes aссompanying the portсullis emЬlem
as well as the metaphoriсal meanings of the сrowned portсullis and its enduring assoсiation with the
British Parliament.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
SEALS AS А SOURсE OF JEWISH HERALDRY
IN GERМAN SPEAКING LANDS ГHIRTEENTH SIXTEENTH сENTURIES
Viktoria Medvedeva
Seals, whiсh aсted as сruсial markers of individual identity in medieval Europe, offer important
insights into the self representation of religious сommunities. However, Russian sсholarship has
dediсated insuffiсient attention to the researсh of medieval Jewish sphragistiсs. This artiсle examines
seals as а sourсe for the study of Jewish heraldiс praсtiсes. It argues that а seal emЬlem сап Ье сlassified
as heraldiс if it features an esсutсheon, employs heraldiс s sation and demonstrates сontinuity
through inheritanсe.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Evgenia Zvanskaya
сYRIAсUS SPANGENBERG ON ТНЕ ALTERAТION
OF сOATS OF ARМS IN GERМAN LANDS SIXTEENTH сENTURY
The German theologian, Protestant reformer, historian and heraldist сyriaсus Spangenberg 1528 1604 was the first author writing in German to present а systematiс treatise on heraldry
а work entitled Der Adelsspiegel. The present study examines Spangenberg s rationale сonсerning the
legitimaсy of supreme authorities to alter сoats of arms Ьу introduсing marks of honour or punishment
as Vell as neсessary symbols to differentiate between branсhes of а nоЫе lineage.
Translated f y Natalia Magnes
Andrey Kurkin
ТНЕ STATE HERМIТAGE HERALD S TABARD
IN ТНЕ НISTORIсAL сONTEXT
The present study seeks to re examine the attribution of the so сalled herald s tabard from the
State Hermitage сolleсtion of Western European textiles, plaсing the artefaсt within the сontext
of the Burgundian inheritanсe and the history of the Habsburg Empire. Proсeeding from the assurnption
rhat the artefaсt is of German origin and may Ье tentatively dated to the early sixteenth
сentury, the author advanсes two hypotheses regarding irs funсtion, namely, its use either as а herald s
сloak or as an element of military or сourt attire.
The armorial deviсe displayed on the tabard а silver raguly сross on а gules field finds no сorrespondenсe
in any of the ten German Flemish armorials from the fifteenth and sixteenth сenturies
сonsulted for this researсh. may therefore Ье argued that the design does not сonstitute а сoat
of arms in the striсt sense. Instead, it is more plausiЬly interpreted as а piсtorial motto alluding
4 17
SUММARIES
to е territories of the dissolved Bu rgundian state that were inherited Ьу the House of Habsb
This mterpretatюn 1s further substanttated Ьу the analysis of surviving doсumentary and iсono u rg.
hi h с l din h
grap с sourсes pertaimng to t е сourt servкes шс u g eraldiс offiсes under Maximilian I of НаЬ Ь
and his son, Philip the Fair. 5 urg
The author proposes an attribution of the objeсt through examination of several сomparaЫe
sourсes, notaЬly, the late fifteent h to early sixteenth сentury military uniforms banners and weaponry.
It 1s argued that the tabard сan Ье more aссurately сlassified as an item of military or сoun
сlothing rather than speсifiсally h eraldiс attire. А preс ise dating of the tabard requires а detailed
examination of the artefaсt, inсluding its provenanсe and а сh erniсal analysis of the textile.
Translated l J Natalia Magn es
N atalia Makhnovskaya, Mark Pashkov
сOATS OF ARМS IN WESTERN EUROPEAN PAINТINGS
FROM ТНЕ сOLLEсТION OF ТНЕ сHELYABINSK STATE МUSEUM
OF FINE ARTS
The artiсle analyses three works Ьу the Spanish and Frenсh sсhools of painting from the latс
nineteenth to early twentieth сenturies Jose Gallegos у Arnosa s Ву the Brazier, сharles Louis Кratke s
The сoсkfight Enthusiasts and Jose Frappa s The Missionary s turn. The сoats of arms featured in these
сompositions are the primary subjeсt of the researсh. The analysis reveals that many of the depiсted
armorial bearings are fiсtitious inventions. However, the works Ьу Frappa and Кratke inсorporate
heraldiс deviсes derived from authentiс historiсal prototypes the arms of the сity of Saint Etienne
and those of the Dukes of Rohan Roсhefort.
Translated l J Natalia Magnes
Evgeny Pсhelov
ТНЕ IсONOGRAPHIс EVOLUTION
OF ТНЕ STATE HERALDIс SY MBOLS OF ТНЕ MUSсOVITE TSARDOM
IN SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH сENTURY SPHRAGISTIсS
ТНЕ сASE OF ТНЕ SO сALLED MINOR STATE SEAL
This artiс le analyses the iсonography of heraldiс deviсes featuring the dragon slaying hors
and the douЫe headed eagle as depiсted on the so с alled minor state seals of Russian sovereigns
from the late fifteenth to early eighteenth сenturies.
The initial iсonographiс sourсe for these elements was derived from Italian Renaissanс m els.
This iсonographiс type remained largely unсhanged until the reign of Мiсhael I. Dunng hi
rule, t he iсonography of the horseman underwent two signifiсant modifiсations in 16 13 and 1S
the revisions deliberately aligned the depiсtion with t he сanoniсal Orthodox iсon pain g traсii noo
of The Miraсfe oj St George and the Dragon. Simu eously, the image inсorporated attnbutes drawn
from the aсtual сeremonial regalia of the Russian tsar. This synthesis reveals the dual na e of
image, whiсh с ombined seсular and religious symbolism. The updated iсonography e5rabli he the great seal Ьу Alexis I in 1667 was not adopted for the minor seal until а deсade later, соша g
with the aссession of Feodor III. This temporal divergenсe undersсores а key prinсiple whereby f Srate te aсts heraldiс symbols often сoexisted in а variety of iсonographiс versions aсross sphragt5nс ar
of differing offiсial status. Translated l J Natalia Magnes
4 18
SUММARIES
Ivan Maltsev
REGIONAL HERALDRY THROUGH ТНЕ LENS
OF ТНЕ OFFIсIAL INTERNET PORTAL OF LEGAL INFORМAТION
This artiсle addresses the сhallenges assoсiated with the eleсtroniс puЫiсation of legal aсts that
featurс сoats of arms belonging to the сonstituent entities of the Russian Federation. Drawing on examples
of sсanned doсument сopies puЫished on the Offiсial Internet Portal of Legal Information www.pravo.gov.m the author analyses the сurrent praсtiсes for handling these offiсial symbols within
the presсribed graphiс format for disseminating legal information online. Furthermore, the artiсle
proposes reсommendations for resolving the related issues.
Translated f y Natalia Magnes
Zhanna Beсkert, N atalia Kesareva
HERALDRY IN AссORDION МANUFAсTURIN
GAS AN EXPRESSION OF ТНЕ NATIONAL SOUL
HISTORY AND LEGAL REGULAТION
Tl lis artiсle examines the appliсation of heraldiс symbolism in Russia. Russian heraldry boasts
а profound historiсal legaсy and is intrinsiсally linked to the evolution of Russian statehood.
The study also сonsiders the legal framework that defines and regulates the offiсial use of state
symbols. Analysing the symbols displayed Ьу aссordion manufaсturers on their produсts, the authors
identify their role as both deсorative motifs and elements of а heraldiс voсabulary. It is сonсluded
that the statehood of modern Russia is founded upon historiсal traditions, manifest in both heraldry
and musiсal instruments.
Translated f y Natalia Magnes
Elena Kapitanets
HERALDRY IN BELARUSIAN LAW
The artiсle is сonсerned with the legal regulation governing the сreation, establishment, registration
and use of offiсial heraldiс symbols in Belarus. The text inсludes illustrations with desсriptions
of the offiсial state symbols of the Republiс of Belarus and provides information on the aсtivities
of the Heraldiс сounсil under the President of the Republiс of Belarus as well as on the works of other
state bodies and organisations involved in heraldry regulation.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Alfia Karaseva
ТНЕ SYМВOLISM OF ТНЕ SOVIET ЕАSТ
IN ТНЕ RUSSIAN FEDERAТION PORсELAIN PRODUсTION
OF ТНЕ 1920s 1980s
Starting from the 1920s, traditional сentral Asian motifs were systematiсally inсorporated into
the designs of the Kuziayevo, Pervomaysky, Dulevo and other porсelain faсtories loсated in сentral
Russia. This artistiс poliсy served to emphasise the unity of different Soviet peoples under the soс st
banner. Through an analysis of the new ornamentation and figurative elements, whiсh refleсted
the aesthetiс and politiсal trends of the period, this artiсle examines the symbols of the Soviet East
4 19
SUММARIES
Уa na Osipova
SYMBOI.A ЕТ ЕМВLЕМАТА IN ТНЕ HERALDIс WORK.
OF VASILY TATISHсHEV ТНЕ 1737 DESIGNS FOR ТНЕ ARМS OF ORENBUR
GAND ISETSK PROVINсES
The artiсle examines the use of images from the Symbola et ЕтЫетаtа сolleсtion in Vasily
Tatishсhev s heraldiс work, foсusing on his draft designs for the сoats of arms of the Orenburg
and lsetsk provinсes. The analysis of these proposals refines our understanding of the development
of territorial heraldry in the Russian Empire. It also leads to the сonсlusion that administrators
of the empire s remote distriсts in the 1730s regarded а сoat of arms as an indispensaЫe territorial
emЫem, to Ье adopted and offiсially approved сonсurrendy with the foundation of new towns and
the establishment of provinсes. Furthermore, the unapproved designs are of signifiсant interest for
assessing how сontemporary Russian administrators perсeived the image of those regions and their
indigenous populations.
Translated i J Natalia Magnes
Roxana Rebrova
TRADE SEALS IN ТНЕ сOLLEсTION OF ТНЕ DEPARTMENT
OF ARсHIТEсTURE AND ARсНAEOLOGY
АТ ТНЕ STATE HERМIТAGE МUSEUM
The сolleсtion features relatively rare yet higbly interesting artefaсts shedding light on the foreign
trade сontaсts of seventeenth сentury Mosсow and early St Petersburg. The seals are partiсularly
notaЬle for doсшnenting transformations in national heraldiс traditions. А prime example is an item
exсavated in the Zaryadye distriсt in Mosсow, tentatively identified as а merсhant seal. The artefaсt
presents а сomЬination of Tudor roses with the I rish сoat of arms from 164 1
Translated i J Natalia Magnes
Svetlana Kuznetsova
ST PETERSBURG ARТISANS BADGES
The artiсle addresses а series of rare and previously unexplored artefaсts pertaining to the history
of сrafts and urban serviсes in St Petersburg. While it is known that the landmark 186 1reform under
Alexander II did not provide for offiсial insignia for artisans, evidenсe reveals that suсh badges were
nevertheless in praсtiсal use. The researсh establishes that the first doсшnented badges were introduсed
in 1886 for сhimney sweeps, floor polishers and plumbers.
The artiсle traсes the history of suсh сraftspeople s badges from their inсeption until the dissolution
of the Petrograd сraft Uprava Вoard in 19 18.
Translated i J Natalia Magnes
E lena Yarovaya
А FABERGE ALBUM AS А HERALDIс MONUMENT
А PRELIMINARY REVIEW
The сh er examines an album of wax seal impressions bearing the сoats of arms of more thaл
one hundred representatives of the Russian nobility. The albшn, whiсh formerly belonged to сarl
Faberge s firm, was deposited in the Alexander Fersman Мineralogiсal Museшn no later thaл 1927
422
SUММARIES
The imprints сonstitute an invaluaЬle sourсe for the heraldry of Russian and Western European families
and have, thus far, reсeived sсant attention from speс sts in heraldiс studies.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Leonid Kudzeeviсh
BADGES OF МASONIс LODGES IN ТНЕ RUSSIAN EMPIRE
ON ТНЕ 30ТН ANNIVERSARY OF DARIA LOTAREVA S INDEX
The b ographiс index Ьу Daria Lotareva, whiсh was published in 1995, marked а signifiсant
milestone in the sсholarship on Masoniс lodge insignia. Over the past deсades, researсhers have
gained aссess to а broader range of sourсes, enabling а deeper understanding of the funсtions and
features of the lodge badges. The present artiсle сlarifies information on а number of badges listed
in Lotareva s index as well as presents some newly attributed badges and provides data on badges for
honorary lodge members. New prinсiples for badge systematisation are also proposed.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Oksana сhernyayeva
ТНЕ SEAL OF ТНЕ ROМANOV ORPНAN сOURT
The artiсle exarnines the Romanov Orphan сourt seal from the сolleсtion of the Alexander
Popov сentral Museum of сommuniсations foсusing on its funсtional purpose, the historiсal сontext
of the town of Romanov, the origins of the Romanov сoat of arms engraved upon the seal and
an attribution based on the period when the said arms were сreated and used.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Alexandra Lukyanсhikova
ТНЕ RIGA RIFLEMEN SOсIEТY HISTORY AND INSIGNIA
The researсh foсuses on the history and heraldry of the Riga Riflemen Soсiety. Ву exarnining
three distinсt sourсes namely а tаЫе deсoration in the form of an oak tree from the State Hermitage
Museum, photographs of Riga riflemen from an album held in the сentral State Arсhive of сinema,
Photo and Audio Doсuments in St Petersburg, and the soсiety s own publiсations the study reсonstruсts
the main stages in the soсiety s aсtivities and its struсture. The study findings have enaЫed
us to introduсe the Riga Riflemen Soсiety emЬlems, breast badges and anniversary insignia into sсholarly
disсourse.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Yulia Yereshko
ALEXANDER FADEEV S HERALDIс ART
IN ТНЕ STATE HERМIТAGE MUSEUM
Alexander Fadeev 1829 1889 an outstanding heraldiс artist with а higbly distinсtive style, designed
сoats of arms for royal families of different сountries as well as for сommoners of various
soсial estates. W hile serving in the Armorial Unit of the Heraldry Department, Fadeev exeсuted
сommissions for the Imperial Hermitage as well as for the Russian emperor and his family. Many
of his works are now held in the State Hermitage Museum, where they form an indisputaЫe highlight
of the сolleсtion.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
423
SUММARIES
Oleg Naumov
HERALDIс SOURсES IN LEONID SAVYOLOV S ARсHIVES
The artiсle analyses the сomposition and сontent of heraldiс materials housed at the State
Нistoriсal Museum in the personal arсhives of Leonid Savyolov, а prominent genealogist and historian
of the nobility 1868 1947 Among others, his arсhives inсlude letters from heraldists as well
as designs for сoats of arms and seal impressions. The unique materials illuminate the role of heraldry
within the сulture of the aristoсraсy and сontribute signifiсantly to modern sсholarship on the history
of Russian heraldiс sсienсe.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Кristina R atkeviсiute
WATERсOLOUR DRAWINGS OF REVOLUTIONARY BANNERS
FROM МАRСН 19 17 IN ТНЕ сOLLEсTION OF ТНЕ ARTILLERY MUSEUM
The сolleсtion of banner designs in the Мilitary Нistoriсal Museum of Artillery, Engineers and
Signal сorps inсludes а series of waterсolour drawings of banners spanning the period from 19 17
to the 1920s. In 1926, Piotr Belavenets disсovered а group of thirty nine banners from 19 17 19 18
in the Tauride Palaсe. Thirty seven drawings in the Artillery Museum s сolleсtion have been identified
as depiсtions of banners from this very group. Most relate to the mourning events whiсh took plaсe
on the Mars Field in Petrograd in Marсh 19 17. The waterсolours serve as visual sourсes enaЫing
the reсonstruсtion of the original banners from the Tauride Palaсe, inсluding those now lost
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Igor Sandalov
сНALLENGE BANNERS OF ТНЕ SOVIET INTERNAL TROOPS LATE 1930S 1980S EVIDENсE FROM ТНЕ сENTRAL МUSEUM
OF ТНЕ RUSSIAN NAТIONAL GUARD TROOPS
The artiсle examines the introduсtion and evolution of сhallenge red banners within the Soviet
seсurity forсes GPU NKVD МVD treating these banners as а key сomponent of the vexi logiсal
system within law enforсement troops. Drawing on physiсal artefaсts, visual materials and
doсumentary sourсes held in the сentral Museum of the Russian National Guard Troops, the study
provides а detailed analysis of the symbolism, offiсial status and funсtional role of сhallenge banners
within the vexi logiсal system of the Soviet internal troops.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Alexander сvetkov
HERALDIс сONТENTION ТНЕ сREATION OF ТНЕ BANNER
OF ТНЕ RUSSIAN FEDERATION ARМED FORсES
The artiсle сhroniсles the сreation o f the banner for the Russian Federation Armed Forсes, drawing
on the author s first hand aссount as а direсt partiсipant in the proсesses of its establishmen d
subsequent visual redesign. The narrative plaсes these developments within the domestiс poliaсal
424
SUMMARIES
сlimate of the period. The artiсle relies on goverrunental doсuments and media reports pertaining
to d 1e deliberations over the new Armed Forсes banner, and is illustrated with previously unpublished
design drawings.
Translated Ьу Natalia Magnes
Rostislav сhetnukha, Andrey Svezhentsev
FEATURES OF HERALDIс INSIGNIA ЕМВLЕМS
OF ТНЕ RUSSIAN NAТIONAL GUARD TROOPS ROSGVARDIYA FORМATIONS
Rosgvardiya has established proсedures for developing and approving heraldiс insignia, inсluding
emЬlems for Rosgvardiya formations. The artiсle сovers the proсess of сonstruсting these emЬlems
through the сategories of the general, the partiсular and the singular. То ensure the visual distinсtion
of military units and formations, standardised shield forms have been introduсed for the emЬlems.
То identify formations Ьу funсtional affiliation and loсation, various symboliс signs are used within
the emЬlems, determining their speсifiс imagery and interpretation.
Translated Ьу Natalia Magnes
Oleg Kuznetsov
ТНЕ ВАТГLЕ BANNER OF А МILIТARY UNIТ
The artiсle traсes the history of the battle banner of а military unit. The period from 1992 to 20 15
is examined.
Translated Ьу Natalia Magnes
R afael Abramian
ТНЕ ARМS OF ТНЕ МANUсHAROV FAMILY.
ON EIGHTEENTH сENTURY GEORGIAN LINEAGE HERALDRY
The artiсle presents the first sсholarly publiсation and analysis of the сoat of arms granted to the
Manuсharov family Ьу King Heraсlius II of Kardi Kakheti on 20 June 1784. Researсh suggests that
ilie family is of Armenian origin and rnigrated to Russia from New Julfa in lran. Fo wing а pattern
сommon among Armenian merсhant families who setded in the Russian Empire, the Manuсharovs
obtained а patent of nobility from а Georgian monarсh. This сharter served as ilie legal basis for their
subsequent enrolment into the Russian nobility. Furiliermore, the artiсle investigates the likely сhannels
ilirough whiсh the heraldiс expertise neсessary for devising state and familial armorial bearings
was introduсed to Georgia. The author posits that one signifiсant сonduit for suсh knowledge was
ilie heraldiс seals used Ьу сorrespondents of ilie royal сourt.
Translated Ьу Natalia Magnes
Irina Pavlova, V aleria Paskina
ТНЕ HERALDRY OF ТНЕ SHISHKOV HEREDIТARY NOBLE FAMILY
The artiсle analyses ilie anсestral сoats of arms belonging to the House of Shishkov. Drawing
on arсhival reсords and family doсuments, ilie study examines ilie distinсtive heraldiс features сharaсteristiс
of ilie family s various branсhes. Partiсular foсus is plaсed on the attribution of little studied
versions of ilie Shishkov arms. The researсh сontributes to ilie broader sсholarly understanding
of nоЫе сulture in the Russian Empire.
Translated Ьу Natalia Magnes
425
SUMMARIES
Viktor Murzin Gundorov, Dmitry Lobanov
ТНЕ сOATS OF ARМS OF PRINсES ZAKHAR Р. MELIKOV
AND ALEXANDER А. сHELAКAEV FROM ТWО MONASTERY сEMETERIES LAST QUARTER OF ТНЕ EIGHTEENTH сENTURY
This study foсuses on two сoats of arms adorning two late eighteenth сentury tombstones one
belonging to Prinсe Zakhar Р. Melikov 1746 1782 in the neсropolis of the Donskoy Monastery,
and the other to Prinсe Alexander А. сhelakaev 1732 1789 in the сemetery of the New Jerusalem
Resurreсtion Monastery. сlose attention is paid to the heraldiс origins of these two prinсely сoats
of arms, сonfirming their signifiсant iсonographiс value. The uniform style and exeсution of both
monuments сorroborate the prinсes kinship through the senior branсh of the dukes and prinсes
of Georgia who сommissioned these heraldiс tombstones.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
Viktor Murzin Gundorov, Sergey Кiri v
IсONOGRAPHY OF ТНЕ ANсESTRAL СОАТ OF ARМS OF ТНЕ HOUSE
OF KAZEM BEK FROM ТНЕ MID ТО SEсOND НALF ОР ТНЕ NINETEENТH
сENTURY BASED ON МATERIALS FROM ТНЕ сOLLEсTION
OF ТНЕ EVGENY BORAТYNSKY MUSEUM IN KAZAN
No extant evidenсe сonfirms the usage of а distinсtive version of the сoat of arms within the
Kazem Bek family from the mid nineteenth сentury onwards. сonsequendy, this study addresses not
only the doсumented history but also advanсes а logiсally сoherent hypothesis regarding the genesis
of the Kazem Bek armorial bearings. This line of inquiry is espeсially relevant given that heraldiс
formalisation in the last quarter of the nineteenth сentury touсhed only one branсh of the lineage.
The family s progenitor, elevated to the Russian nobility three deсades earlier, died without having obtained
а formal сoat of arms, and only individual items of heraldiс art have survived from two subsequent
generations of his desсendants. An analysis of iсonographiс variations in the Kazem Bek family
heraldry has made it possiЫe to traсe its evolution up to the fall of the Russian monarсhy. These
artefaсts have hitherto esсaped speс sed sсholarly attention. Their origins are linked to the Evgeny
Boratynsky Museum in Kazan. Its holdings inсlude а letter on writing paper bearing а Kazem Bek
сoat of arms, as well as three plates from а wedding dinner serviсe with heraldiс ornamentation.
The сonneсtion of these items with the house of the poet s desсendants is not сoinсidental, as,
besides sharing а сultural milieu, the Kazem Beks were part of the Boratynskys kinship nerworks.
Transfated ry Natalia Magnes
Tatiana llyina
STATE DEсORATIONS OF сOLONEL МАХ BAUER
The artiсle addresses the work of the Мilitary Нistoriсal Museum of Artillery during the Great
Patriotiс War 194 945 Through its persistent efforts, the museum negotiated the issue of the
Defenсe Order No. 143 Ьу the People s сommissariat on 27 Marсh 1943 tided Оп the сolleс on
of Monuments and Reliсs of the Patnotiс War at the Red Army Historiсal Museum of Artillery. This direсt 1ve
proved instrumental in the museum s aсquisition of signifiсant artefaсts, notaЬly the state deсoratio s
of the artillery offiсer, designer and diplomat сolonel Bauer whiсh were retrieved Ьу Red Army artillerymen
in 1945 from the bomb devastated сity of Swine nde.
Translated ry Natalia Magnes
426
SUММARIES
Liсlia D obrovolskaya
BORIS PIOTROVSKY S STATE DEсORATIONS IN ТНЕ сOLLEсТION
OF ТНЕ NUMISМAТIсS DEPARTMENT, STATE HERМIТAGE
AN OVERVIEW OF ТНЕ HOLDINGS
The Numismatiсs Department of the State Hermitage Museum hosts several phaleristiс assemЫages
formerly belonging to members of its staff. А notaЬle aссession oссurred in 200 1when the
museum reсeived а donation сomprising the Soviet and international state deсorations сonferred
upon Boris Piotrovsky, Direсtor of the State Hermitage Museum from 1964 to the 1990s. This
сolleсtion of 87 items inсludes orders, medals, badges and pins in some сases with aссompanying
doсumentation as well as honorary сliplomas. The present artiсle provides а detailed overview of this
assemЫage, whiсh сurrently represents the most extensive сolleсtion of its kind within the State
Hermitage Museum.
Translated f y Natalia Magnes
Alexey Pozin
ТНЕ PAVLOVIAN ARМS OF KOSTROМA. FAсTS AND HYPOTHESES
The history of Kostroma s heraldry is replete with hypotheses that сurrently laсk definitive substantiation.
Its beginnings сап Ье traсed to 1729, when the сity s сoat of arms сreated Ьу сount Santi
was first mentioned in а written sourсe. It сontinues in 1746 with the appearanсe of jewellery ha arks
that purportedly featured the arms of the loсality to whiсh the assayer master was assigned
This is fo wed Ьу the offiсial grant of а сoat of arms to the сity of Kostroma Ьу сatherine II.
The sequenсe takes another turn in 1797 with the introduсtion Ьу order of Paul I of the so сalled old сoat of arms, notaЬly absent from the deсree сontained in the сomplete сolleсtion of Laws
of the Russian Empire. This intriсate series of events renders irnperative а сritiсal re examination and
logiсal analysis of the availaЫe faсts, forming the сore objeсtive of this artiсle.
Translated f y Natalia Magnes
Ilia Yemelin
ТНЕ EMPIRE OF ТНЕ RISING SUN
TURКESTAN S СОАТ OF ARМS AND ТНЕ SНIELD BEARERS
The artiсle addresses the history of the 1856 and 1882 versions of the Full сoat of Arms of the
Russian Empire, with а foсus оп its symbolism as well as the сhoiсe and designs of its individual elements,
notaЬly Turkestan s сoat of arms and Arсhangels Мiсhael and Gabriel featuring as the shieldbearers.
The study also examines the roles played Ьу Baron von Koehne, Metropolitan Philaret, Ivan
Snegiryov and а number of other historiсal figures in the сreation of the arms.
Translated f y Natalia Magnes
Viktor Lomantsov
ON ТНЕ PARALLEL USE OF ТWО OFFIсIAL сOATS OF ARМS
ВУ ТНЕ СIТУ OF ORENBUR
GDuring the seсond half of the eighteenth сentury, the сity of Orenburg sirnu eously employed
two offiсial сoats of arms. The first had been granted Ьу Empress Anna Ioannovna in the 1734 Privilege for Orenburg the seсond had been сonfirmed Ьу the same empress in 1737. Doсumentary
427
SUMMARIES
evidenсe of the first grant has survived to the present day, whereas the ratifiсation of the seсond emЫem
is substantiated Ьу the testimony of the historian Piotr Ryсhkov and Ьу its doсumented use Ьу
а loсal dragoon regiment. RemarkaЬly, even after а new сoat of arms was сonfirmed Ьу сatherine II
in 1782, the version from 1734 сontinued to Ье used for сertain muniсipal funсtions. То this day,
а sсulptural representation of this earlier сoat of arms adorns the fщ ade of the Orenburg сity
Adrninistration building.
Translated i J Natalia Magnes
Gerta Belova
ONE IN ТWО
For two deсades, а single historiс сoat of arms represented two distinсt muniсipalities in сhuvashia
the town of Tsivilsk and the Tsivilsk Distriсt. This unique heraldiс preсedent has prompted the present
artiсle, whiсh desсribes the proсedure for resolving the legal and heraldiс сonfiiсt surrounding
the Tsivilsk сoat of arms and traсes the alterations the emЬlem underwent as а resu of numerous
muniсipal reforms.
Translated i J Natalia Magnes
Vladimir Gonсharov, Anzhelika Savina
ON ТНЕ НISTORY OF ТНЕ СОАТ OF ARМS OF SYKTYVK AR
This artiсle traсes the сreation, evolution and offiсial adoption of the сoats of arms of the сity
of U st Sysolsk later Syktyvkar speсifiсally examining the versions of 1780, 1978, 1993, 2005 and
2008. Drawing on arсhival reсords, sourсes on loсal history and eyewitness aссounts, the author demonstrates
how the сity s heraldry has been shaped Ьу historiсal, politiсal and eсonorniс faсtors as well
as, at times, mere сhanсe. The analysis begins with the сreation and adoption of Ust Sysolsk s first
сoat of arms in 1780. The emЬlem is partiсularly notaЬle as the author argues it introduсed а novel
interpretation of the bear motif in Russian heraldry. Speсial сonsideration is given to the Soviet era
сoat of arms of 1978, whose serniotiсs rnirror the politiсal and eсonorniс transformations within the
Korni Republiс during that period. The disсussion of the 1993 сoat of arms reveals how politiсal expedienсe
сombined with а laсk of heraldiс expertise resulted in signifiсant errors and сompositional
fiaws. The artiсle сonсludes with the adoption of the 2005 arms and their subsequent refinement into
the 2008 version, whiсh was сreated in full сomplianсe with the reсommendations of the Heraldiс
сounсil under the President of the Russian Federation.
Translated i J Natalia Magnes
Gleb Aleksushin
сOATS OF ARМS OF ТНЕ LAND MIL A REGIMENTS
OF ТНЕ NEW ZAКAMSK DEFENSIVE LINE AS HISTOR IсAL SOURсES
FOR MODERN сOATS OF ARМS AND FLAGS
This artiсle examines the histot iсal сoats of arms granted to the land militia regiments of the
New Zakamsk defensive line and traсes their сontinuity with the сontemporary offiсial symbols
of the region.
Translated i J Natalia Magnes
428
SUMМARIES
Anna Tripolskaya, Anton сhistyakov
сHORON сUPS AND SERGE HIТсHING POSTS
ORIGINAL SYМBOLS OF YAKUT TERRITORIAL HERAШRY
In Yakut сulture, сhorons сups for kumis, а drink made of fermented mare s milk and serges horse hitсhing posts served both praсtiсal and ritual funсtions. These objeсts are integral to сeremonial
praсtiсes, notaЬly during the Yhyakh festival. Depiсtions of сhorons and serges are frequently
used in the territorial heraldry of the Republiс of Sakha Yakutia as symbols of horse breeding,
prosperity and the preservation of сultural traditions, while also serving as reminders of mythologiсal
beliefs, signifiсant saсred sites within the respeсtive muniсipalities and other related meanings.
Translated f y Natalia Magnes
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
Г. В. Ви.линбахов
20 февраля день рождения Геральдической службы России. Можно оrлянуrься назад
и посмотреть вперед 5
А. П. Черных
Средневековая девичья честь, она же родовая 6
4. С. Антропов
Диффамация папского герба в период Реформации как инструмент
лютеранской пропаганды 15
Е. С 1анu.лов
Место коронованной решетки в британской государственной эмблематике 19
В. О. Медведева
Печать как источник геральдики евреев немецкоязьгчньrх земель XIII XVI века 25
Е. В. Званская
Кириакус Шпангенберr об изменении гербов в германских землях XVI век 29
А. В. Куркин
Эрмитажный табард герольда в историческом контексте 35
Н. А. Махновская, М. М. Пашков
Гербы в произведениях западноевропейской живописи из собрания Челябинского
государственного музея изобразительных искусств 42
Е. В. П че.лов
Иконографическая эволюция государственных геральдических символов
Московского царства в сфрагистике XVI XVII веков на примере так называемой малой государственной печати
И. В. Мальцев
Региональная геральдика сквозь призJму Официального интернет портала
правовой информации
Ж Б. Беккерт, Н. С Кесарева
Геральдика в гармонном производстве как символ души народа
история и правовое регулирование
Е. Т. Капитанец
Геральдика в праве Беларуси
А. Р. Карасева
Символизм образов советского Востока в фарфоровой продукции РСФСР 1920 1980 Х ГОДОВ
А. К Грефенштейн
5 1
57
63
66
75
Узорочье гербовное. Часть вторая. Орнамент национальный и не очень 84
430
сONTENTS
Georgy Vilinbakhov
20 February, birthday of the Russian Federation Heraldiс Serviсe.
We сап look baсk and see what is ahead 5
Alexander Tсhernik
Medieval maiden honour, also known as family honour 6
Denis Antropov
Defamation of the papal сoat of arms as а tool of Lutheran propaganda during
the Reformation 15
Evge Danilov
The plaсe of the сrowned portсullis among British state emЫems 19
Viktoria Medvedeva
Seals as а sourсe of Jewish heraldry in German speaking lands thirteenth sixteenth сenturies 25
Evgenia Zvanskaya
сyriaсus Spangenberg оп the alteration of сoats of arms in German lands sixteenth сentury 29
Andrl J Kшkin
The State Hermitage herald s tabard in the historiсal сontext 35
Natalia Makhnovskaya, Mark Pashkov
сoats of arms in Western European paintings from the сolleсtion
of the сhelyabinsk State Museum of Fine Arts 42
Evge Pсhelov
The iсonographiс evolution of the state heraldiс symbols of the Musсovite Tsardom
in sixteenth and seventeenth сentury sphragistiсs The сase of the so сalled minor state seal 5 1
Ivan Ma tsev
Regional heraldry through the lens of the Offiсial lnternet Portal of Legal lnformation 57
Zhanna Beсkert, Natalia Kesareva
Heraldry in aссordion manufaсturing as an expression of the national soul
History and legal regulation 63
Е епа Кapitanets
Heraldry in Belarusian law 66
A fta Кaraseva
The symbolism of the Soviet East in the Russian Federation porсelain produсtion
of the 1920s 1980s 75
Alexander Grefenstein
Heraldiс ornamentation. Part 2. National and not so national ornaments 84
43 1
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
А. В. Уварова
Офицерское шитье на преД 1v 1етах гардероба Николая I как образец эпохи 103
Т. Н. Ш евяков
Загадка гибридного знамени из Воронежского краеведческого музея
В. В. Незговорова Единственный в мире род войск, суrцествование которого было, увы, недолговечно
Г. С. Габаев о конно пионерах 5
В. Ю. КJдеilкин
К вопросу использования исторических геральдических знаков в увековечении
памяти прославивших Россию воинских фор 1шрований Российской
императорской армии 130
К. В. Переходенко
Зерцало Петра Великого. Особенности учреждения и использования 139
А Ш 1Jнтов
Символы на печатях XVIII века иереев Черниговской епархии и отношение
к гербам свяшеннических родов на примере Лосицких и Левицких 143
Я. В. Осипова Symbola et EmЫemata в герботворчестве В. Н. Татищева на примере проекта гербов Оренбургской и Исетской провинций 1737 года 149
Р. В. Реброва
Торговые пломбы в коллекции Отдела архитектурной археологии
Государствеm юго Эрмитажа 155
С И. КJзнецова
Знаки ремесленников Санкт Петербурга 162
Е. А. Яровая
Альбом фирмы Фаберже как геральдический памятник. Предварительный обзор 174
Л. В. Кудзеевич
Знаки масонских лож Российской империи к 30 летию указателя
Д. Д. Лотаревой 184
О. В. Черняева
Печать Романовского сиротского суда 196
А. М. Лукьянчикова
Рижское стрелковое общество история и символика 200
Ю. В. Ерешко
Геральдические художества Александра Александровича Фадеева
в Государственном Эрмитаже 2 12
О. Н. Нqумов
Геральдические источники в архивном фонде Л. М. Савелова 232
К. П. Paml flвuчюme
Акварельные рисунки революционных знамен марта 19 17 года
из собрания Артиллерийского исторического музея 243
И. А. Санда.лов
Переходящие зна vrена внутренних войск Советского Союза
конца 1930 х 1980 х годов по материалам Центрального музея войск
национальной гвардии Российской Федерации 25 1
432
сONTENTS
Anzhelika Uvarova
Embroidery on Niсholas l s offiсer uniforms as an exemplar of the epoсh 103
Timof S he Yakov
The enigma of the Ъybrid banner from the Voronezh Regiona сa re Museum
Valeria Ne j OVorova Тhе only military branсh in the world, whose existenсe was, alas, short lived.
Georgy Gabaev on horse pioneers 5
Vladimir Кudeikin
On the appliсation of historiсal heraldiс insignia in сommemorating the distinguished
regiments of the Russian Imperial Army 130
Кirill Perekhodenko
Peter the Great s zertsalo Its adoption and signifiсanсe in imperial Russian offiсialdom 139
Alexander Shpuntov
Symbols on the eighteenth сentury seals of priests from the сhernigov dioсese
and attitudes towards the сoats of arms of priestly lineages
The сase of the Lositsky and Levitsky families 143
Уапа Osipova
Symbola et ЕтЫетаtа in the heraldiс work of Vasily Tatishсhev
The 1737 designs for the arms of Orenburg and Isetsk provinсes 149
Roxana brova
Trade seals in the сolleсtion of the Department of Arсhiteсture and Arсhaeology
at the State Hermitage Museum 155
S vetlana Кuznetsova
St Petersburg artisans badges 162
Elena Yarovqya
А Faberge album as а heraldiс monument А preliminary review 17 4
иопid Кudzeeviсh
Badges of masoniс lodges in the Russian Empire On the 30th anniversary
of Daria Lotareva s index 184
Oksana сherf Yqyeva
The seal of the Romanov Orphan сourt 196
Alexandra иtf yanсhikova
The Riga Riflemen Soсiety Нistory and insignia 200
Yulia Yereshko
Alexander Fadeev s heraldiс art in the State Hermitage Museum 2 12
O egNaumov
Heraldiс sourсes in Leonid Savyolov s arсhives 232
Kristina Rдtkevifiute
Waterсolour drawings of revolutionary banners from Marсh 19 17 in the сolleсtion
of the Artillery Museum 243
Igor S andalov
сhallenge banners of the Soviet internal troops late 1930s 1980s
Evidenсe from the сentral Museum of the Russian National Guard Troops 25 1
433
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
А. Г. Цветков
Знамешrые коллизии история создания Знаt 1ени Вооружешп,rх Сил
Российской Федерации 264
Р. М. Чер Уха, А. В. Свеженцев
Особенности геральдических знаков эмблем соединений войск национальной
гвардии Российской Федерации Росгвардии 280
О. В. Кушецов
Боевое знамя воинской части 287
Р. М. Абрамян
Герб Манучаровьrх. К вопросу о грузинской родовой геральдике XVIII века 300
И. М. Павлова, В. 4. Паскина
Геральдика потомственных дворян рода Шишковых 305
В. В. Мурзин Гундоров, Д В. Лобанов
Гербы князей 3. П. Меликова и А. А. Челакаева из двух монастырских некрополей
последней четверти XVIII века 3 1О
В. В. Мурзин Гундоров, С. Н. Кири лов
Иконография родового герба семьи дворян Казем Бек
середины и второй половины XIX века по материалам собрания музея
Е. А. Боратынского в Казани 3 19
Т. Н. И.льина
Награды полковника Макса Бауэра 326
Л. И. Аоброво.льская
Награды Б. Б. Пиотровского в собрании ОН ГЭ обзор коллекции 344
А Позин Павловский герб Костромы. Факты и гипотезы 369
И ВМе.лин
Империя восходящего солнца герб Туркестана и щитодержатели 374
В. А. Ло.манцов
06 использовании городом Оренбургом двух гербов одновременно 378
Г. В. Ее.лова
Един в двух лицах 386
В. Н. Гончаров, А. Ю. Савина
К истории герба города Сыктывкара 394
Г. В. Алекqшин
Гербы полков ланд милиции Новой Закамской оборонительной линии
как основы современных гербов и флагов 403
А. А. Трипо.лыкая, А. Ю. Чистяков
Чаши чороны и коновязи сэргэ оригинальные символы якутской территориальной
геральдики 406
Принятые сокращения 4 14
Summaries 4 16
сONTENTS
Alexander сvetkov
Heraldiс сontention The сreation of the banner of the Russian Federation Armed Forсes 264
Rostislav сhernukha, Andr9 Svezhentsev
Features of heraldiс insignia EmЬlems of the Russian National Guard Troops Rosgvardiya formations 280
Oleg Кuznetsov
The battle banner of а military unit 287
Rafae Abramian
The arms of the Manuсharov family. On eighteenth сentury Georgian lineage heraldry 300
Irina Pavlova, Valeria Paskina
The heraldry of the Shishkov hereditary nоЫе family 305
Viktor Murzin Gundorov, Dmit,y Lobanov
The сoats of arms of prinсes Zakhar Р. Melikov and Alexander А. сhelakaev
from two monastery сemeteries ast quarter of the eighteenth сentury 3 10
Viktor Murzin Gundorov, Serg9 Кiri v
Iсonography of the anсestral сoat of arms of the House of Kazem Bek from the mid
to seсond half of the nineteenth сentury Based on materials from the сolleсtion
of the Evgeny Boratynsky Museum in Kazan 3 19
Tatiana I na
State deсorations of сolonel Мах Bauer 326
Lidia Dobrovolskf la
Boris Piotrovsky s state deсorations in the сolleсtion of the Numismatiсs Department,
State Hermitage An overview of the holdings 344
А ех9 Pozin
The Pavlovian arms of Kostroma. Faсts and hypotheses 369
Ilia Yemelin
The Empire of the Rising Sun Turkestan s сoat of arms and the shield bearers 374
Viktor Lomantsov
On the parallel use of two offiсial сoats of arms Ьу the сity of Orenburg 378
Gerta Belova
One in two 386
V ladimir Gonсharov, Anzhelika S avina
On the history of the сoat of arms of Syktyvkar 394
Gleb Aleksushin
сoats of arms of the land militia regiments of the New Zakamsk defensive line
as historiсal sourсes for modern сoats of arms and flags 403
Аппа Tripolskf la, Anton сhis Jakov
сhoron сups and serge hitсhing posts Original symbols of Yakut territorial heraldry 406
Abbreviations 4 14
Summaries 4 16
Иллюстрации предоставили Архив Татьяны Фаберже, 2026 Военно исторический музей арп 1ллерпи, инженерных
войск и войск связи, Санкт Петербурr, 2026 Воронежский областной краеведческий музей, 2026 ГБУК г. Москвы ГМЗ Цар 1щыно 2026 Государственное бюджетное учреждение Объединенный rосударственный архив Оренбурrской
области ГБУ ОГАОО 2026 Государственный исторический музей, МЬсква, 2026 Государственный музей исторrm российской
литературы имени В. И. Даля, 2026 Государственный музей истории Санкт Петербурrа,
Санкт Петербурr, 2026 Государственное учреждение Республики Коми Национальный архив Республики Коми IY РК НАРК Сыктывкар, 2026 Костромской музей заповедник, 2026 Минералоп ческий музей им. А. Е. Фе ана РАН,
Москва, 2026 Научно исследовательсю IЙ музей при Российской
академии л удожеств, Санкт Петербурr, 2026 Национальный музей Республики Татарстан,
Казань, 2026 Областное rосударствешюе казенное учреждение Государственный apxrm Костромской области ОГКУ Г АКО 2026 Пермсю й краеведчесю Й музей, 2026 Российский rосударственный военно псторический
apxrm РГВИА Москва, 2026 Санкт Петербурrское rосударственное казенное
учреждение Центральный государственный
историчесю й apxrru Санкт Петербурrа
Санкт Петербурr, 2026 Санкт Петербурrское rосударственное казенное
учреждение Центральный rосударственный apxrm
юшофотофонодокументов Санкт Петербурга
Санкт Петербурr, 2026 Свято Троицю,й Ипатьевсю,й му кской епархиальный
монастырь Костромской епархrш РПЦ, 2026 Федеральное казенное учреждение Российсю 1й
rосударственный apxrm древних акrов РГЛДА
Москва, 2026 Федеральное казенное учреждение Росо 1Йсю 1й
государственный истор 1чесю 1й apXIm РГИА
Санкт Петербург, 2026 Центральный музей войск национальной гвардии
Российской Федерации, Москва, 2026 Центральный музей связи riм. А. С. Попова,
Санкт Петербург, 2026 Челябинсюн 1государственный музей изобраз 1пельных
искусств, 2026
Российская национальная библиотека,
Санкт Петербург, 2026
Нqучное издание
Труды Государственного Эрмитажа
с ххх
ГЕРАЛЬДИКА
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
Материалы нqучной конференции 19 2 1февраля 2025 года
Редактор Е. В.,4е.мина
Компьютерная верстка Н. К. Соколова
Корректоры Н. И. Концевая, М. Ю. Маклакова
Перевод на английский язык Н. О. Магнес и авторы статей
Редактор английского текста Ю. Р. Редькина
Обработка иллюстраций М. А. Байгозин
Общая подготовка издания
А. Э. Погосян, Е. В. Щ етинкина
Подписано в печатъ 09.02.2026. Формат издания 60 х 84 18
Усл. печ. л. 50,69. Тираж 300 экз. Заказ 3
Издательство Государственного Эр штажа 190000, Санкт Петербург, Дворцовая наб., 34
Отпечатано в типоrрафии Государственного Эрмитажа 197 183, Санкr Петербург, Заусадебная ул., 37
ISBN 978 5 908052 15 З
The State Hermitage Museum
